After reading the online article about the Venus of Willendorf I found the statue itself very strange and interesting, but the theories and speculations as to why it was created even more so. The figurine is relatively small and very detailed in places, such as the hair, breasts and pubic area. While other parts, such as the face, arms and lack of feet are left anonymous, simple, or left out completely. It is clear at a glance the the "Venus" is obese due to her large hanging stomach and equally large breasts. This was one of the more interesting inquires in the article, I thought, about why she would depicted in that image?. Perhaps, if the carving was done by a male, this image of a woman was not only ideal sexually but even more so for motherhood. In a time when nutrition and water may be scarce, a woman as ample as "Venus" may be healthy and supple enough to properly nourish a growing baby in the womb and feed it after birth, even in hard times. Due to the realistic detail included in the sag of her belly, the hang of her breasts or the overlap on her legs, it was suggested in the article that the artist had a model to work from. How does a woman in prehistoric times manage to gain a body like that? Perhaps the model for "Venus" was the head of a tribe or clan, maybe not the solely, but as a group of women who were catered to and had all they're needs met. The fascinating thing about this figure is that very little is factually known about her. On its own "Venus" stands as an amazing find and wonderful piece of prehistoric art, but on the other side she gives a glimpse of ancient culture and raises so many questions and inquiries about the history of people.
The article goes into much detail about the name Venus and how the Venus of Willendorf just doesn't quite make the cut as one. The name Venus means love or sexual desire, something that cannot be denied to Ms. Willendorf. However, due to the Greek and Roman culture created after Willendorf was carved, but before she was discovered, the idea of Venus was already set. The Venus of the Greek's was a sexually attractive woman but modest with exposing her body, covering her genital area and partially her breasts. This is said to be tasteful and ladylike, two notions that come from civilization. Due to Willendorf's lack of civility and her full exposure of all parts of her body, it is clear that she is female but not that she is feminine in the sense we know today. The name has been changed in some places to become the Woman of Willendorf, partly because of the sex/gender conflict and also to avoid the clashing of images already associated with Venus. As the perception of beauty changed throughout time, culturally people began to favor the Greek version or Venus over what Willendorf presented, and the two could not exist under the same title. The word "woman" is said to make her more human and less attached to the goddess image of "Venus". I tend to agree with the term change, not to any fault of Willendorf, but because of how well established the identity of Venus is in modern culture, and she doesn't really fit. I find Willendorf much more primal and sexually charged, mostly because of the full exposure and attention to detail in her erotic areas but also because of her lack of detail in all other areas like her face or expression. Just as there is a distinction between uncivilized and civilized, there should be an equal distinction between what is beautiful, tasteful and appropriate in their art.
You make some good observations. Your point about a man possibly carving the “Venus” is a good one. At that time the woman could definitely be ideally sexual and, furthermore, a great mate for a male because of her “healthy and supple” body that could be a good indicator of the ability to properly nourish a baby in the womb. Could it not have also been carved by a woman for the same reason?
ReplyDeleteThe distinction you bring up about the civilized and uncivilized is another great idea. As you put it, “Willendorf’s lack of civility” with her full exposure is a direct contradiction of what we think of as civilized as the Greek and Roman culture created. The slender, attractive and modest “Venus” that we have come to know was, and probably still is, considered more civil than the Venus of Willendorf, but I believe that civility changes over time.
-Jesse
Nice thoughts! I think you have brought up some interesting points about "uncivilized and civilized," too. If we use the term "Venus" with these statues, then we are automatically causing these statues to be viewed on a basis of comparison with the Greeks. And since today we define Greek (and Western) culture as "civilized" by our own standards, then the prehistoric figurines do seem "uncivilized" by comparison.
ReplyDeleteHowever, if we take out the "Venus" factor, perhaps we can also avoid the "civilized vs. uncivilized" comparison too. I think it's a good idea to try and understand prehistoric art on its own terms, at least as much as we possibly can. Our modern definition of "civilization" didn't exist back then and therefore prehistoric people obviously didn't think of themselves as "uncivilized." If we really want to understand what prehistoric people thought about these figurines, I think then we have to try and avoid the temptation to make such comparisons. So, perhaps avoiding the term "Venus" can help us to do that.
-Prof. Bowen
I really thought the possibility for Venus of Willendorf being a sign of motherhood very likely, and makes a lot of sense. It would explain the emphasized sexual body parts, and the extreme amount of fat she has, allowing her to be able to nurture even in times of hunger.
ReplyDeleteWell, I thought your point of "civilized" and "uncivilized" interesting as well. I feel like when the 'Venus of Willendorf' was made, for her people, it was civilized. Calling them uncivilized would not be fair to the people who lived at the time. But looking at is now, in a completely different society, or even comparing it to the time of the goddess Venus, it might seem uncivilized.
I do not think I can agree with your claim that this Woman of Willendorf "lacks civility". While she may be exposing her breasts and her vulva, the naked human form is something that has been depicted from 35,,000 BCE up till today. There is something so fundamental about the naked human form that compels trained and untrained artists alike to recreate it. I do agree with your point on the likelihood of a model being used though. For how little detail the sculpture has (at least by modern standards) there is a very realistic, calm and subdued energy conveyed in the sculpture, almost as if a woman was sitting very still.
ReplyDelete